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Abstract Recently, maritime accidents caused by human factors have increased according to the increase in the number of ships for sea transportation. Therefore, the autonomous navigation systems that find appropriate avoidance routes in a complex marine environment with various obstacles is attracting attention. In this study, we proposed a collision avoidance method using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) that generates an appropriate control action. DRL-based collision avoidance method derives the required rudder angle of own ship with given state of the own ship and target ship such as position, speed, and heading. To achieve the appropriate collision avoidance, it is necessary to assess the collision risk of the target ship accurately. Therefore, the probabilistic collision risk assessment method was proposed to predict the collision risk of the target ship with the probability distribution of the data. The probability distribution was calculated through the multivariate normal distribution of the four-dimensional variables of the position, speed, and heading angle of the target ship. The collision risk of the target ship was calculated through the probability distribution for each variable and the CPA (Closest Point of Approach)-based collision risk assessment method. To verify the proposed method, we applied the DRL-based collision avoidance method and the collision risk assessment method to various scenarios. The proposed method reliably avoided collisions through flexible paths for complex situations.
Publication Date 2021-12-07

Do-Hyun Chun, Myung-Il Roh, Hye-Won Lee, "Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Ship Collision Avoidance Considering Collision Risk", Proceedings of TEAM(Asian-Pacific Technical Exchange and Advisory Meeting on Marine Structures) 2022, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 268, 2021.12.06-08


  1. Jin-Hyeok Kim, Myung-Il Roh, In-Chang Yeo, Ki-Su Kim, "Estimation of the Hydrodynamic Performance of the Parameterized Hull Forms Using Deep Learning", Proceedings of G-NAOE 2022, Changwon, Korea, 2022.11.06-10

  2. Yeongmin Jo, Myung-Il Roh, Hye-Won Lee, Donghun Yu, "A Ship Tracking Method under Dynamic Characteristic Changes with LSTM", Proceedings of G-NAOE 2022, Changwon, Korea, 2022.11.06-10

  3. Do-Hyun Chun, Myung-Il Roh, In-Chang Yeo, "Optimum Design of Membrane-type LNG Tanks for Installing Insulation", Proceedings of G-NAOE 2022, Changwon, Korea, 2022.11.06-10

  4. Dong-Guen Jeong, Myung-Il Roh, Ki-Su Kim, Jun-Sik Lee, Dae-Hyuk Kim, Wang-Seok Jang, "A Method for Route Planning of Small Ships in Coastal Areas", Proceedings of ICDM 2022, Si-Heung, Korea, 2022.04.28-29

  5. Do-Hyun Chun, Myung-Il Roh, Hye-Won Lee, Seung-Ho Ham, "A Block Lifting Method with Wire Ropes Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning", Proceedings of ICDM 2022, Si-Heung, Korea, 2022.04.28-29

  6. In-Chang Yeo, Myung-Il Roh, Hye-Won Lee, "An Optimization Method of the Surround-View Camera System for Automatic Berthing of Ships", Proceedings of G-NAOE 2022, Changwon, Korea, 2022.11.06-10

  7. Min-Chul Kong, Myung-Il Roh, Jisang Ha, Jeong-Ho Park, EunSeok Jin, Donghun Yu, "Integrated Navigation Assistance System Using Augmented Reality", Proceedings of G-NAOE 2022, Changwon, Korea, 2022.11.06-10

  8. Jeong-Ho Park, Myung-Il Roh, Hye-Won Lee, Jisang Ha, Yeong-Min Jo, Nam-Sun Son, "Obstacle Detection and Tracking of Unmanned Surface Vehicles Using Multi-view Images in Marine Environment", Proceedings of ICCAS 2022, Yokohama, Japan, 2022.09.13-15

  9. Dong-Guen Jeong, Myung-Il Roh, Ki-Su Kim, Jun-Sik Lee, Dae-Hyuk Kim, Wang-Seok Jang, "A Route Planning Method for Coastal Navigation of Small Ships", Proceedings of ICCAS 2022, Yokohama, Japan, pp. 153-156, 2022.09.13-15

  10. Min-Chul Kong, Myung-Il Roh, Ki-Su Kim, Jongoh Kim, Hogyun Park, Jeongyoul Lee, "A Method of Variable Recognition and Connection for Reviewing Ship Regulations", Proceedings of ICCAS 2022, Yokohama, Japan, pp. 171-175, 2022.09.13-15

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