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Abstract To prevent maritime accidents, it is crucial to be aware of the surrounding environment near ships. The images recorded by a camera mounted on a ship could be used for the awareness of other ships surrounding it. In this study, ship awareness was performed using three procedures: detection, localization, and tracking. Initially, ship detection was performed using the deep learning-based detection model, YOLO (You Only Look Once) v3, based on the camera image. A virtual image dataset was constructed using Unity to overcome the difficulty of obtaining camera images onboard with various sizes of ships, and to improve the detection performance. This was followed by the localization procedure in which the position of the horizon on the image was calculated using the orientation information from the ship. Subsequently, the position of the detected ship in the spatial coordinate system was calculated using the horizon information. Following this, the position, course over ground (COG), and speed over ground (SOG) of the target ships were tracked in the time domain using the extended Kalman filter. A deep learning model that determines the heading of the ship in the image was proposed to utilize abundant information of cameras, and it was used to set the initial value of the Kalman filter. Finally, the proposed method for the awareness of ships was validated using an actual video captured from a camera installed on an actual ship with various encountering scenarios. The tracking results were compared with actual automatic identification system (AIS) data obtained from other ships. As a result, the entire detection, localization, and tracking procedures showed good performance, and it was estimated that the proposed method for awareness of the surroundings of a ship, based on camera images, could be used in the future.
Publication Date 2021-10-01
Role Corresponding Author
Category SCIE
Impact Factor 5.860

Won-Jae Lee, Myung-Il Roh, Hye-Won Lee, Jisang Ha, Yeong-Min Cho, Nam-Sun Son, “Detection and Tracking for the Awareness of Surroundings of a Ship Based on Deep Learning”, Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 1407-1430, 2021.10.01

https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab053


List of Articles
번호 분류 제목 Publication Date
114 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Myung-Il Roh, "A Hybrid Optimization Method for Multidisciplinary Ship Design", Journal of Ship Technology Research, Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 181-185, 2000.10.01 file 2000-10-01
113 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Myung-Il Roh, "An Efficient Genetic Algorithm Using Gradient Information for Ship Structural Design Optimization", Journal of Ship Technology Research, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 161-170, 2001.11.01 file 2001-11-01
112 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Myung-Il Roh, Seonho Cho, "Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Mechanical Systems Using Collaborative Optimization Approach", International Journal of Vehicle Design, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 353-368, 2001.11.01 file 2001-11-01
111 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Seonho Cho, Myung-Il Roh, "An Efficient Global-Local Hybrid Optimization Method Using Design Sensitivity Analysis", International Journal of Vehicle Design, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 300-317, 2002.07.01 file 2002-07-01
110 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Seong-Nam Han, Myung-Il Roh, "Optimal Compartment Layout Design for a Naval Ship Using an Improved Genetic Algorithm", Marine Technology and SNAME News, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 159-169, 2002.07.01 file 2002-07-01
109 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Seong-Nam Han, Myung-Il Roh, "An Improved Genetic Algorithm for Facility Layout Problems Having Inner Structure Walls and Passages", Computers & Operations Research, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 117-138, 2003.01.01 file 2003-01-01
108 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Won-Joon Lee, Myung-Il Roh, "Development of a Semantic Product Modeling System for Initial Hull Structure in Shipbuilding", Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 211-223, 2004.06.01 file 2004-06-01
107 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Myung-Il Roh, Hyuk-Su Jeong, "An Improved Genetic Algorithm for Multi-Floor Facility Layout Problems Having Inner Structure Walls and Passages", Computers & Operations Research, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 879-899, 2005.04.01 file 2005-04-01
106 International Journal Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Development of a 3D CAD System for Modeling Hull Structure at the Initial Ship Design Stage", Ships and Offshore Structures, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 135-151, 2006.04.01 file 2006-04-01
105 International Journal Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "An Initial Hull Structural Modeling System for Computer-Aided Process Planning in Shipbuilding", Advances In Engineering Software, Vol. 37, No. 7, pp. 457-476, 2006.07.01 file 2006-07-01
104 International Journal Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, Seong-Jin Yoo, "An Algorithm for Generating the Hull Structural Analysis Model Using the Seam Information of the Hull Structure at the Initial Design Stage", Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 24-33, 2006.12.01 file 2006-12-01
103 International Journal Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, Woo-Young Choi, "Rapid Generation of the Piping Model Having the Relationship with a Hull Structure in Shipbuilding", Advances In Engineering Software, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 215-228, 2007.04.01 file 2007-04-01
102 International Journal Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Generation of the 3D CAD Model of the Hull Structure at the Initial Ship Design Stage and Its Application", Computers in Industry, Vol. 58, No. 6, pp. 539-557, 2007.08.01 file 2007-08-01
101 International Journal Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Generation of the Production Material Information of a Building Block and Simulation of the Block Erection for Computer-Aided Process Planning and Scheduling in Shipbuilding", International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 45, No. 20, pp. 4653-4683, 2007.10.01 file 2007-10-01
100 International Journal Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, Woo-Young Choi, Seong-Jin Yoo, "Improvement of Ship Design Practice Using a 3D CAD Model of a Hull Structure", Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Journal, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 105-124, 2008.02.01 file 2008-02-01
99 International Journal Sang-Uk Lee, Myung-Il Roh, Ju-Hwan Cha, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Ship Compartment Modeling Based On a Non-manifold Polyhedron Modeling Kernel", Advances In Engineering Software, Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 378-388, 2009.05.01 file 2009-05-01
98 International Journal Ju-Hwan Cha, Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Combined Discrete Event and Discrete Time Simulation Framework and Its Application to the Block Erection Process in Shipbuilding", Advances In Engineering Software, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 656-665, 2010.04.01 file 2010-04-01
97 International Journal John-Kyu Hwang, Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Detailed Design and Construction of the Hull of an FPSO(Floating, Production, Storage, and Off-loading unit)", Ships and Offshore Structures, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 93-104, 2010.06.01 file 2010-06-01
96 International Journal Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Optimal Scheduling of Block Lifting in Consideration of the Minimization of Traveling Distance While Unloaded and Wire and Shackle Replacement of a Gantry Crane", Journal of Marine Science and Technology, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 190-200, 2010.06.01 file 2010-06-01
95 International Journal Ju-Hwan Cha, Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Integrated Simulation Framework for the Process Planning of Ships and Offshore Structures", Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Journal, Vol, 26, No. 5, pp. 430-453, 2010.10.01 file 2010-10-01
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