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Abstract Design rules for ships have become more extensive and detailed due to an increase in the sizes of ships. Several variables and equations used in the rules are complex, thereby impeding their review by reviewers due to their voluminosity. In addition, because these rules are constantly revised, professional investigators may miss these changes. To prevent such confusion, a shipping register, which approves ship drawings, constantly automates the search and review processes of the rules. Consequently, this study proposes a method for recognizing variables in documents to review the rules and build relationships between variables. Each component of a document must be accurately identified. The document containing these rules includes different components such as equations, figures, and strings. Because these rules are mainly converted to a portable document format (PDF) for compatibility, it is challenging to extract each component as raw data. This study used a public library to extract elements from the PDF and utilized the positional relationship between the elements to identify the variables. By applying the Levenshtein distance algorithm, which compares the differences between two strings, the document was partitioned following to the table of contents. Hence, the identified variables were indexed into sections of the table of content. Additionally, based on the indexed information, a data structure was proposed to show the equations, definition of variables, and relationships. This study applied it to common structural rules (CSR), which are widely used in the shipbuilding industry. The effectiveness of the proposed method was confirmed by achieving the F1-score = 0.93 in variable recognition and intuitively visualizing the relationship between the variables.
Publication Date 2022-11-16
Role Corresponding Author
Category SCIE
Impact Factor 6.167

Min-Chul Kong, Myung-Il Roh, Ki-Su Kim, Ho-Gyun Park, Jong-Oh Kim, "Variable Indexing Method in Rule Documents for Ship Design Using Extraction of PDF Elements", Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp. 2556-2573, 2022.11.16

https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwac123


List of Articles
번호 분류 제목 Publication Date
80 International Journal Ju-Hwan Cha, Myung-Il Roh, Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Integrated Simulation Framework for the Process Planning of Ships and Offshore Structures", Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Journal, Vol, 26, No. 5, pp. 430-453, 2010.10.01 file 2010-10-01
79 International Journal Ju-Hwan Cha, Seung-Ho Ham, Kyu-Yeul Lee, Myung-Il Roh, "Application of a Topological Modelling Approach of Multi-body System Dynamics to Simulation of Multi-floating Cranes in Shipyards", Journal of Multi-body Dynamics, Vol. 224, No. 4, pp. 365-373, 2010.12.01 file 2010-12-01
78 International Journal Ju-Sung Kim, Myung-Il Roh, Seung-Ho Ham, “A Method for Intermediate Flooding and Sinking Simulation of a Damaged Floater in Time Domain”, Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 1-13, 2017.01.01 file 2017-01-01
77 International Journal June-Beom Lee, Myung-Il Roh, Ki-Su Kim, “Prediction of Ship Power Based on Variation in Deep Feed-forward Neural Network”, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, 2021.08.07 file 2021-08-12
76 International Journal Ki-Su Kim, June-Beom Lee, Myung-Il Roh, Ki-Min Han, Gap-Heon Lee, "Prediction of Ocean Weather Based on Denoising AutoEncoder and Convolutional LSTM", Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 10, pp. 805:1-24, 2020.10.14 file 2020-10-14
75 International Journal Ki-Su Kim, Myung-Il Roh, "A Submarine Arrangement Design Program Based on the Expert System and the Multistage Optimization", Advances In Engineering Software, Vol. 98, No. 97-111, 2016.08.01 file 2016-08-01
74 International Journal Ki-Su Kim, Myung-Il Roh, "Dynamic Flooding Analysis Method for Intermediate Flooding Process of a Ship", Ocean Engineering, Vol. 218, pp. 108173.1-33, 2020.12.15 file 2020-12-15
73 International Journal Ki-Su Kim, Myung-Il Roh, Seung-Min Lee, "Quasi-static Flooding Analysis Method of a Damaged Ship Considering Oil Spill and Cargo Load", Journal of Ship Production and Design, 2022.02.10 file 2022-02-10
72 International Journal Ki-Su Kim, Myung-Il Roh, Sol Ha, "Expert System Based on the Arrangement Evaluation Model for the Arrangement Design of a Submarine", Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 42, No. 22, pp. 8731-8744, 2015.12.01 file 2015-12-01
71 International Journal Ki-Su Kim, Myung-Il Roh, Sung-Min Lee, Han-Sung Kim, Hyunsik Ahn, "Weight-estimation Method of FPSO Topsides Considering the Work Breakdown Structure", Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 1-10, 2018.02.01 file 2018-02-01
70 International Journal Ki-Su Kim, Myung-Il Roh, “ISO 15016:2015-based Method for Estimating the Fuel Oil Consumption of a Ship”, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 10, pp. 791:1-18, 2020.10.12 file 2020-10-12
69 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Myung-Il Roh, "A Hybrid Optimization Method for Multidisciplinary Ship Design", Journal of Ship Technology Research, Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 181-185, 2000.10.01 file 2000-10-01
68 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Myung-Il Roh, "An Efficient Genetic Algorithm Using Gradient Information for Ship Structural Design Optimization", Journal of Ship Technology Research, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 161-170, 2001.11.01 file 2001-11-01
67 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Myung-Il Roh, Hyuk-Su Jeong, "An Improved Genetic Algorithm for Multi-Floor Facility Layout Problems Having Inner Structure Walls and Passages", Computers & Operations Research, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 879-899, 2005.04.01 file 2005-04-01
66 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Myung-Il Roh, Seonho Cho, "Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Mechanical Systems Using Collaborative Optimization Approach", International Journal of Vehicle Design, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 353-368, 2001.11.01 file 2001-11-01
65 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Seong-Nam Han, Myung-Il Roh, "An Improved Genetic Algorithm for Facility Layout Problems Having Inner Structure Walls and Passages", Computers & Operations Research, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 117-138, 2003.01.01 file 2003-01-01
64 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Seong-Nam Han, Myung-Il Roh, "Optimal Compartment Layout Design for a Naval Ship Using an Improved Genetic Algorithm", Marine Technology and SNAME News, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 159-169, 2002.07.01 file 2002-07-01
63 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Seonho Cho, Myung-Il Roh, "An Efficient Global-Local Hybrid Optimization Method Using Design Sensitivity Analysis", International Journal of Vehicle Design, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 300-317, 2002.07.01 file 2002-07-01
62 International Journal Kyu-Yeul Lee, Won-Joon Lee, Myung-Il Roh, "Development of a Semantic Product Modeling System for Initial Hull Structure in Shipbuilding", Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 211-223, 2004.06.01 file 2004-06-01
61 International Journal Luman Zhao, Myung-Il Roh, "COLREGs-Compliant Multiship Collision Avoidance Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning", Ocean Engineering, Vol. 191, pp. 1-15, 2019.11.01 file 2019-11-01
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