Donghun Yu, Myung-Il Roh, "A Method of Intentional Derating Operation for Rotor Sails to Enhance Overall Energy Efficiency of Ships", accepted for publication in Ocean Engineering, 2026.07.28

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Abstract	The IMO’s (International Maritime Organization) strengthening of environmental regulations has driven the adoption of rotor sails. Rotor sails are a wind-assisted propulsion technology that generate aerodynamic thrust and reduce the ME (Main Engine)’s propulsive power demand. This reduction directly lowers the ME’s FOC (Fuel Oil Consumption). However, operating the rotor sails requires additional electrical power. This can force the DGs (Diesel Generators) into inefficient, low-load operation, offsetting the ME-side gains and reducing the ship’s overall energy efficiency. To address this trade-off, this study proposed an IDO (Intentional Derating Operation) method that jointly evaluates the fuel consumption of both the ME and the DGs, rather than evaluating it solely for the DGs. Unlike conventional supply-side approaches, the proposed method adopted a demand-side strategy, modulating rotor sail performance within an NLP (Non-Linear Programming) framework that enforces the available power margin as a hard constraint. A hybrid SLSQP (Sequential Least Squares Programming) and MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron)-based surrogate model approach solved this in real time, achieving 99.7% accuracy in approximately 1 s. Simulations using real voyage data from a 300K DWT VLCC showed that the conventional method often yields only marginal net fuel savings and, under certain conditions, even negative savings. This result occurred because the SFOC penalty from low-load DG operation exceeded the ME FOC reduction. In contrast, the proposed method suppressed unnecessary DG activation. It eliminated the 13.3% probability of DG overload observed under full rotor sail operation and ensured power system reliability without relying on auxiliary DG activation. It also improved the total FOC and CO2 emission saving rate from 2.6% (conventional) to 3.6%, a relative improvement of approximately 38.4%. These results confirm that intentionally derating the rotor sails’ local performance is essential for achieving the ship’s system-level energy optimum, rather than maximizing individual component performance.
Publication Date	2026-07-28
Role	Corresponding Author
Category	SCIE
Impact Factor	6.3

Donghun Yu, Myung-Il Roh, "A Method of Intentional Derating Operation for Rotor Sails to Enhance Overall Energy Efficiency of Ships", accepted for publication in Ocean Engineering, 2026.07.28

In-Su Han, Myung-Il Roh, Min-Chul Kong, Seong-Won Choi et al.... Next In-Su Han, Myung-Il Roh, Min-Chul Kong, Seong-Won Choi et al.... 2026.07.27by

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Donghun Yu, Myung-Il Roh, "A Method of Intentional Derating Operation for Rotor Sails to Enhance Overall Energy Efficiency of Ships", accepted for publication in Ocean Engineering, 2026.07.28

CategoryInternational Journal

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CategoryInternational Journal

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Donghun Yu, Myung-Il Roh, "A Method of Intentional Derating Operation for Rotor Sails to Enhance Overall Energy Efficiency of Ships", accepted for publication in Ocean Engineering, 2026.07.28

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Donghun Yu, Myung-Il Roh, "A Method of Intentional Derating Operation for Rotor Sails to Enhance Overall Energy Efficiency of Ships", accepted for publication in Ocean Engineering, 2026.07.28

In-Su Han, Myung-Il Roh, Min-Chul Kong, Seong-Won Choi et al., "A Method for Identifying Revisions in Ship Drawings Using Change Detection and Synthetic Revision Generation", accepted for publication in Ocean Engineering, 2026.07.26

Yun-Sik Kim, Myung-Il Roh, Ha-Yun Kim, In-Chang Yeo, Nam-Sun Son, "A Method of Learning-based Tracking for Maritime Obstacles Using a Transformer", Ocean Engineering, 2026.08.30

Hyewon Lee, Myung-Il Roh, Yerin Kim, "Hybrid Multibody Dynamics-based Model Predictive Control of Suspended Blocks for Floating Cranes in Waves", accepted for publication in Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, 2026.07.01

Ha-Yun Kim, Myung-Il Roh, Yeong-Min Jo, Hye-Won Lee, Yun-Sik Kim, In-Chang Yeo, "A Track-to-track Fusion Method for Tracking Maritime Obstacles", International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, 2026.06.22

In-Chang Yeo, Myung-Il Roh, Yun-Sik Kim, A Method for Generating a 3D Environmental Map Using a Stereo Camera for Autonomous Berthing of an Unmanned Surface Vehicle", International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, 2026.05.23

Min-Chul Kong, Myung-Il Roh, In-Su Han, Seong-Won Choi, Jeongyeon Kim, “A Method for Transferring Piping Designs Using Past Project Data in Shipbuilding”, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, 2026.03.02

Dong-Woo Kim, Myung-Il Roh, Yong-Tai Kim, Minkyu Park, Mun-gwan Choi, Jin-Hyeok Kim, "A Nonlinear Methodology for the Sloshing Assessment in the Membrane-type LNG Cargo Containment System", Ocean Engineering, 2026.03.15

In-Su Han, Myung-Il Roh, Min-Chul Kong, "A RAG-based Q&A System for Ship Regulations Applying Domain Adaptation", International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Vol. 18, pp. 100735.1-18, 2025.12.23

Hyun Soo Kim, Myung-Il Roh, "Data-driven Model for Predicting Tank Pressure of an LNG Carrier Considering Environmental Effects", International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Vo.l. 18, 2026.01.01

In-Chang Yeo, Myung-Il Roh, Yun-Sik Kim, Ha-Yun Kim, Do-Hyeok Ahn, Nam-Sun Son, "A Localization Method of Nearby Ships Based on 3D Object Detection Using a Camera", International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, 2025.11.12

Seong-Won Choi, Myung-Il Roh, In-Chang Yeo, Won-Chul Yoo, Seon-Do Han, "A Route Planning Method for Small Ships Based on Historical AIS Data", Ocean Engineering, Vol. 343, Part 3, 123372, 2026.01.15

In-Su Han, Myung-Il Roh, Min-Chul Kong, “An Automated Method for Converting P&IDs in Shipbuilding to Structured Graphs”, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Vol. 17, pp. 100696.1-20, 2025.10.04

In-Chang Yeo, Myung-Il Roh, Dong-Guen Jeong, Jun-Sik Lee, "A Route Planning Method for Small Ships Inside the Marina", International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Vol. 17, pp. 100684.1-16, 2025.08.13

Jin-Hyeok Kim, Myung-Il Roh, In-Chang Yeo, “An MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron)-Based Method for Optimizing Multiple Hull Forms at Once Using Surrogate Modeling with Geometric Moments”, Ocean Engineering, Vol. 339, Part 1, 2025.11.15

Yun-Sik Kim, Myung-Il Roh, Ha-Yun Kim, In-Chang Yeo, "An Improved Method of Detecting the Horizon for Tracking Maritime Obstacles", Ocean Systems Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 219-239, 2025.06.30

In-Su Han, Myung-Il Roh, Min-Chul Kong, Seoyoon Park, Jeongyoul Lee, "Search Method for Ship Regulations Based on Semantic Similarity Using Natural Language Processing", Ships and Offshore Structures, 2025.05.12

Min-Chul Kong, Myung-Il Roh, In-Su Han, ..., "A Representation Method of Pipe Connections and Routing Space in Pipe Auto-routing Using Graph and Octree Structures", Ocean Engineering, Vol. 329, 121204, pp. 1-18, 2025.06.15

Jin-Hyeok Kim, Myung-Il Roh, In-Chang Yeo, “A Method for Generating Multiple Hull Forms at Once Using MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron)”, Ocean Engineering, Vol. 324, pp. 120659.1-20, 2025.04.30

Dong-Guen Jeong, Myung-Il Roh, In-Chang Yeo, Ki-Su Kim, Jun-Sik Lee, “A Route Planning Method for Small Ships in Coastal Areas Based on Quadtree”, IJNAOE, Vol. 17, pp. 100647.1-17, 2025.02.03

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